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x蜗牛增压x 发表于 11-4-8 11:26 单片机能以每秒120～200次的速度更新转速，应该能跟上 用WRC的声音做的声音模拟器，主要是看重WRC的声音比较单调，好模仿，当然还有日本人做的那个“电车 发声装置 ”。 效果没什么改进，经历这么多天又回到起点，很是郁闷。也许装车后，车辆跑起来产生多普勒效应，效果会好些。在http://www.rcfans.com/brand/上查了下2英寸的喇叭，功率4W，重量100克，还需要容积为200毫升的音箱，很占空间 声音的来源，Dirt3 的宣传片 |
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前段时间离校到单位报道，中断了一段时间 对声音的控制不再用电位器，换成舵机信号了。 如果变速播放发动机声音，油门快速变化时会出现像电子琴的声音，否定这个方法。 在外国人的文章里，他们用波形叠加的方法，把每个气缸的声音按一定间隔叠加。 
有文章介绍用GT-Suite软件的GT-power模块可以得到单缸声音的波形，可惜找不到那软件，只能现学FLUENT，建了个二维的直排管的模型，尾气排入一个半圆空间，计算压力 
再用tecplot 360获得距离排气管口0.5m，偏移45度位置的压力波形。 
试着发出声音，一点都不像发动机，但油门快速变化时能正常发声，说明波形叠加的方法可行。 在上图中，压力的衰减相当快，如果安装消音器衰减更快，因此只要发动机转速不是很高，完全可以从实际的发动机连续工作的声音里截取波形。从ken block的漂移视频里截取了6个声音波形， 
重写程序 听起来还是不爽。谁来指点下？？？？？ 也许找辆改装车，实地录制排气声音，会好点。宿舍外面的电子四路经常能听到改装车的声音，电子四路从电子西街至太白南路一段一直封闭，没车没人，六车道宽的柏油路是个很好的场地（西安）。 视频里用来产生舵机信号的板子，数码管中间一位不亮，电位器阻值跳动，弄的声音也跟着哆嗦，真是便宜没好货，工资一发就去去买个控。 |
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本帖最后由 348826281 于 11-5-15 12:22 编辑 电路画的不标准，凑活看吧。声音信号可以直接输出到笔记本音箱，或者用LM386、TDA2422放大后输出到喇叭。还有个问题，小尺寸喇叭的频率下限，能否发出发动机的低频声音 
熔丝配置，内部8M时钟，关闭看门狗计数器 
代码 iccavr 写的不好，见笑了，对应2000～8000rpm的四缸机 原理：使用TC0和INT0测量舵机信号，用TC1按照声音采样率产生中断，叠加波形后由TC2的快速PWM发声。声音样本都是152长度，153～160的数值为中性点，当一段声音播放完就会指向这部分，不发出声音，直到再次开始播放 ====声明：该代码无任何使用限制==== //ICC-AVR application builder : 2009-12-3 21:47:39 // Target : M8 // Crystal: 8.0000Mhz #include #include unsigned int width,temp; unsigned int n1,n2,n3,n4,n5,n6;//,n7,n8,n9,n10; // wave series position char int_flag,bit8,wav_cfg; char __flash (*p1); char __flash (*p2); char __flash (*p3); char __flash (*p4); char __flash (*p5); char __flash (*p6); // sample: 1~152 const"128": 153~160 __flash char acl1[160]={131,140,148,151,160,163,166,167,171,173,168,167,163,161,158,159,156,161,156,161,157,158,156,157,146,149,152,151,154,146,143,144,141,134,136,136,129,126,124,119,112,111,104,101,95,92,90,81,81,76,77,81,86,91,91,92,92,95,101,100,104,111,117,122,123,128,131,139,141,146,144,145,143,142,139,143,144,145,142,135,136,133,131,131,126,128,124,126,126,124,124,116,116,117,123,135,130,132,127,127,131,130,133,129,131,139,137,136,134,138,136,136,134,129,132,134,132,128,126,126,122,121,123,124,123,114,116,115,116,116,115,117,113,111,108,111,111,112,108,114,110,106,113,119,118,120,112,118,126,121,125,129,128,128,128,128,128,128,128,128}; __flash char acl2[160]={132,135,137,163,171,162,172,174,172,178,186,184,176,183,180,174,180,170,163,175,180,175,169,166,160,155,151,153,147,145,142,141,134,127,120,119,119,116,111,107,99,95,90,90,83,83,83,85,90,79,88,79,87,99,101,102,109,113,103,107,115,116,115,124,130,131,132,121,126,125,142,144,136,136,130,129,127,130,127,123,127,122,122,126,130,124,129,131,119,121,130,125,123,131,138,132,141,147,155,166,168,165,164,160,153,148,143,142,140,141,140,133,130,141,133,127,131,128,124,118,126,116,113,106,103,104,103,94,100,98,98,98,97,97,103,110,106,105,105,103,106,109,111,116,113,111,105,100,123,124,126,123,128,128,128,128,128,128,128,128}; __flash char acl3[160]={131,142,152,156,166,170,173,175,179,182,176,175,170,167,164,165,161,168,161,167,163,164,162,163,150,153,157,156,159,150,146,147,143,135,138,137,129,125,123,117,109,108,99,95,88,85,82,72,71,66,67,72,78,84,84,85,85,88,95,94,99,108,115,121,122,128,132,141,144,149,147,148,146,145,141,146,147,148,145,136,138,134,131,131,126,128,123,125,126,123,123,114,114,115,122,136,130,133,127,127,132,130,134,129,131,141,139,137,135,140,138,137,135,129,133,135,133,128,126,125,121,119,122,123,122,111,113,112,114,113,112,115,110,108,104,107,108,109,104,111,106,101,110,117,116,118,109,116,126,120,124,125,128,128,128,128,128,128,128,128}; __flash char acl4[160]={131,134,140,140,148,156,162,173,172,171,186,188,187,190,183,174,171,154,149,152,145,148,146,135,149,152,144,151,148,145,151,144,136,141,131,128,127,115,104,100,95,97,99,91,101,88,77,80,76,74,81,73,71,74,84,93,103,101,116,116,112,112,110,118,125,122,111,113,113,112,132,135,140,146,150,152,157,157,162,161,157,158,146,132,141,133,137,138,135,127,127,121,124,131,126,110,121,126,132,133,134,136,142,142,144,134,130,137,135,134,128,116,118,116,120,122,134,136,133,135,138,137,142,130,125,126,126,125,124,119,122,122,119,116,110,107,99,99,95,96,98,95,98,91,102,111,107,105,105,106,103,113,128,128,128,128,128,128,128,128}; __flash char acl5[160]={133,145,147,157,160,175,174,176,180,191,189,177,184,176,190,182,187,179,176,166,156,155,156,135,136,122,131,131,132,139,118,128,117,124,113,123,130,113,114,90,98,90,91,86,84,86,89,84,83,89,105,93,97,96,103,101,105,110,114,119,120,121,138,136,144,137,143,138,137,126,129,128,131,127,129,129,136,136,136,136,138,134,128,136,133,131,126,128,124,125,132,132,140,140,159,145,145,139,135,145,136,124,127,124,133,119,149,140,148,141,118,135,125,138,128,124,123,121,114,103,112,114,126,119,118,117,123,109,98,121,111,121,101,112,96,95,94,89,100,92,117,99,109,105,100,115,112,132,119,121,124,122,128,128,128,128,128,128,128,128}; __flash char acl6[160]={130,135,137,147,156,166,174,176,180,179,181,176,179,179,175,170,165,158,153,158,161,155,153,146,145,142,142,141,146,144,145,142,130,129,123,120,119,119,118,114,109,102,98,95,93,91,90,90,95,89,86,90,92,99,103,102,102,94,101,105,113,120,125,124,123,118,117,122,130,137,143,150,149,151,157,158,160,158,155,151,149,143,138,140,137,131,128,129,126,128,121,119,118,118,126,128,132,135,134,127,129,129,128,130,131,135,136,136,141,143,145,139,137,134,130,127,125,120,120,122,126,130,123,123,122,122,126,117,116,111,110,107,107,104,100,95,96,101,111,112,110,108,108,106,108,108,112,117,120,121,123,126,128,128,128,128,128,128,128,128}; __flash char interval[128]={150,146,143,140,137,134,131,128,126,123,121,119,116,114,112,110,108,107,105,103,101,100,98,97,95,94,92,91, 90,88,87,86,85,84,83,82,80,79,78,77,77,76,75,74,73,72,71,70,70,69,68,67,67,66,65,65,64,63,63,62,61,61,60,60,59,59,58,58,57,56,56,55,55, 55,54,54,53,53,52,52,51,51,51,50,50,49,49,49,48,48,47,47,47,46,46,46,45,45,45,44,44,44,44,43,43,43,42,42,42,41,41,41,41,40,40,40,40,39, 39,39,39,38,38,38,38,38,37,37}; void port_init(void) { PORTB = 0x00; DDRB = 0x08; //PB3 --> OC2 output PORTC = 0x00; //m103 output only DDRC = 0x00; // PORTD = 0x00; DDRD = 0x00; //PD2 -->INT0 input } //TIMER0 initialize - prescale:8 void timer0_init(void) { TCCR0 = 0x00; //stop TCNT0 = 0x00; //set count TCCR0 = 0x02; //start timer } #pragma interrupt_handler timer0_ovf_isr:iv_TIM0_OVF void timer0_ovf_isr(void) { bit8++; // expand TC0 range } #pragma interrupt_handler int0_isr:iv_INT0 void int0_isr(void) { //external interupt on INT0 if (int_flag==1) // INT0 rising edge { timer0_init(); //start TC0 MCUCR = 0x02; // INT0 falling edge int_flag=0; } else {TCCR0 = 0x00; //stop TC0 //width=unsigned int(TCNT0)+256*unsigned int(bit8)-1500; // 0~500, 1.5ms~2ms //width=(TCNT0>>2)+64*bit8-375; //0~500 divide by 4, 0~125 width=(TCNT0>>2)+64*bit8; if (width>375) //make sure width >=0 {width=width-375;} else width=0; MCUCR = 0x03; // INT0 rising edge int_flag=1; bit8=0; if(width>125) // make sure width <=125 {width=125;} } } //TIMER1 initialize - prescale:8 // WGM: 4) CTC, TOP=OCRnA // desired value: 10000Hz // actual value: 10000.000Hz (0.0%) void timer1_init(void) { TCCR1B = 0x00; //stop TCNT1H = 0xFF; //setup TCNT1L = 0x9D; OCR1AH = 0x00; OCR1AL = 0x63; OCR1BH = 0x00; OCR1BL = 0x63; ICR1H = 0x00; ICR1L = 0x63; TCCR1A = 0x00; TCCR1B = 0x0A; //start Timer } #pragma interrupt_handler timer1_compa_isr:iv_TIM1_COMPA void timer1_compa_isr(void) { //compare occured TCNT1=OCR1A // add a new wavform into serias, push former waveform ... if (n1>interval[width]) {//n10=n9;n9=n8;n8=n7;n7=n6; n6=n5;n5=n4;n4=n3;n3=n2;n2=n1;n1=0; } switch(wav_cfg) {case 1:p1=acl1;p2=acl2;p3=acl3;p4=acl4;p5=acl5;p6=acl6;wav_cfg++;break; case 2:p1=acl6;p2=acl1;p3=acl2;p4=acl3;p5=acl4;p6=acl5;wav_cfg++;break; case 3:p1=acl5;p2=acl6;p3=acl1;p4=acl2;p5=acl3;p6=acl4;wav_cfg++;break; case 4:p1=acl4;p2=acl5;p3=acl6;p4=acl1;p5=acl2;p6=acl3;wav_cfg++;break; case 5:p1=acl3;p2=acl4;p3=acl5;p4=acl6;p5=acl1;p6=acl2;wav_cfg++;break; case 6:p1=acl2;p2=acl3;p3=acl4;p4=acl5;p5=acl6;p6=acl1;wav_cfg=1;break; default:p1=acl1;p2=acl2;p3=acl3;p4=acl4;p5=acl5;p6=acl6; } // waveform neutral point is 128, need some modify temp=*(p1+n1)+*(p2+n2)+*(p3+n3)+*(p4+n4)+*(p5+n5)+*(p6+n6)-640; //640=128*5 OCR2 = (char)temp; if (n1>=151) { n1=0; } else n1++; if (n2>=151) { n2=155; } else n2++; if (n3>=151) { n3=155; } else n3++; if (n4>=151) { n4=155; } else n4++; if (n5>=151) { n5=155; } else n5++; if (n6>=151) { n6=155; } else n6++; } //TIMER2 initialize - prescale:1 // WGM: PWM Fast // actual value: 31250.000Hz (100.0%) void timer2_init(void) { TCCR2 = 0x00; //stop ASSR = 0x00; //set async mode TCNT2 = 0x01; //setup OCR2 = 0x8F; TCCR2 = 0x69; //start 0110 1001 } //call this routine to initialize all peripherals void init_devices(void) { //stop errant interrupts until set up CLI(); //disable all interrupts port_init(); //timer0_init(); timer2_init(); timer1_init(); MCUCR = 0x03; // INT0 rising edge GICR = 0x40; // INT0 enable TIMSK = 0x11; //timer interrupt sources 0001 0001 SEI(); //re-enable interrupts //all peripherals are now initialized } void main(void) {wav_cfg=1;p1=acl1;p2=acl2;p3=acl3;p4=acl4;p5=acl5;p6=acl6; n1=0;n2=155;n3=155;n4=155;n5=155;n6=155; int_flag=1;bit8=0;width=0; init_devices(); while (1) { } //while(1) } //main hex文件可以从http://bbs.5imx.com/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=475228&page=1&extra=page%3D7下载 |
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本帖最后由 348826281 于 11-5-19 20:07 编辑 略有进展 之前的变速率播放方案因为所谓的“电子琴声”而放弃，但那讨厌的声音同样出现在波形叠加方案中，分析后得出结论：“电子琴声”实际是声音的阶梯式跳变，不连续，所以出现那种声音。查出问题在那个自制的舵机测试机，更新的速度慢，导致声音模拟器出现怪声。修复后，变速率播放就能发出比较好的声音，在快速变化时也有较好表现。（舵机信号的50Hz频率足够了，不会导致电子琴声） WRC版本，前进时发声，并根据油门大小变化，倒车时声音减弱且恒定（目前不能分辨是倒车还是刹车，所以倒车无声） 坦克声音版本，双向发声，攀爬用估计合适 源代码和烧录单片机用的Hex文件 http://bbs.5imx.com/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=475228&pid=6237383&page=1&extra= |
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